Antenna pattern for a retrodirective antenna using a power divider 23 3. The first smart antennas were developed for military communications and intelligence gathering. This report will present the whole process of the project implementation. This apparatus, known as the van atta array, is shown in its simples embodiment in fig. The van atta retroreflector incorporates an antenna array patented by dr. A van atta reflector consisting of halfwave dipoles. Introduction general issue in complex optical trains, baffles limit the visible wavelength light arriving at a detector to only the light coming in near the optical axis, preventing reflected light from the sides of the apparatus from arriving on the sensor. Download citation a depolarizing reflector of van atta array design for polarimetric calibration this paper proposes a novel depolarizing reflector for use in polarimetric radar calibration. Van atta array is made of pairs of antenna spaced equidistant from the center of the array 3. A retrodirective microstrip antenna array semantic scholar. Van atta array reflector chung major reference works.
Satellite radar interferometry using microretroreflective arrays. Planar retrodirective array reflector using dualslot antennas wenjen tseng, chunshu hu and shyhjong chung an xband planar reflector with a broad responding beam was developed using the van atta retrodirective antenna array. The received signal antenna is re radiated by its pair antenna. Swri team designs twodimensional radar reflector to measure. A novel leakywave retrodirective reflector using short.
Planar active retrodirective array with subharmonic phase conjugation mixers jiyong park, kevin m. From figure 6 it can be seen that reflections of the dielectric material used to form the patch array will mask the arrays. Fem software, fabricated via a lowcost additive manufacturing method, and. The retroreflector is optimized and simulated using. Inkjet printed flexible van atta array sensor wo20184241a1 en. Design and manufacture of a lowprofile radar retroreflector. Emmanouil tentzeris inventions, patents and patent. This paper presents the development of a passive retrodirective van atta array reflector based on microstrip antenna operating at xband. A dualband retrodirective reflector array on paper. Theoretical analysis of the van atta array is outlined in section ii, with previous work on van atta array prototypes summarised in section iii. One application of the van atta reflector is for satellite coamunia tion, and both passive, semipassive end active systems have been discussed, especially by ryerson151 6, hansenlo and kaiser and kayt. Being completely flat surfaces, van atta arrays on pc boards can be made to occupy much less volume and weight than e.
A scheme for a theoretical investigation of a square van atta reflector consisting of halfwave dipoles with a conducting plate parallel to the plane of the. The van atta array reflector reflects an incident signal at a predetermined radio frequency at an incident angle. Retrodirective arrays have garnered much attention due to the unique feature of automatically responding to an interrogator without any prior knowledge of the location of the incoming signal. A van atta array reflector is printed on the first side of the dielectric substrate. This array reflects over a wider angle than the typical corner reflector, but is sensitive only to incident waves in the frequency band of and. Planar retrodirective array reflector using dualslot. A polarizationrotating van atta array reflector and its. The reflector consists of six pairs of slotcoupled patch antennas arranged using the van atta approach. Scattering cross section measurements on a fourbyfour van atta array of sixteen dipoles are presented. This paper discusses radar retroreflectors based on a van atta array. The reflector contained four antenna sub arrays, each with six dualslot antennas appropriately fed and paired by microstrip lines on the backside of the substrate. The van atta array reflector has the simplest structure for retrodirective arrays, which has found many applications in wireless communications, rf identification rfid, and intelligent. Retrodirective array reflectors have found many applications in the area of collision avoidance systems, satellite communications and enhancing rcs in general. The analysis is carried out for a reflector consisting of dipoles.
A passive retro reflector can be defined as a device which reflects most of the energy incident upon it in the direction of the illuminator. The modulation of corner reflectors has been of interest for free space optical communications 6. The van atta reflector array is an array in which the elements are interconnected to reradiate received energy back in the direction of arrival. Van atta array reflector chung major reference works wiley. A passive redirecting van atta type reflector arxiv. His unique array design sends energy back in the direction of arrival over a wide range of angles. Swri team designs twodimensional radar reflector to. In addition, van atta reflectors have much lower losses at shallow angles than other reflector designs. Array pair in a heterodyne mixing retrodirective array 20 3.
Van atta array article about van atta array by the free. A conductive ground layer is disposed adjacent the second side of the dielectric substrate. A radiofrequency responsive device includes a dielectric substrate having a first side and an opposite second side. A van atta array is essentially a corner reflector that reflects incoming waves back towards the source with a shifted phase. This paper presents the principle, design, and measured characteristics of a 90degree polarizationrotating van atta array reflector with suppressed scattered field as a. Woxikon rimes van atta reflector array fr questce qui rime avec van atta reflector array. Design requirements for the dual band van atta array are discussed and the dual band retrodirective reflector has been designed a b fig. In this case, microelectromechanical mems mirrors on one side of the reflector are used to modulate the electromagnetic fields. A dual band retrodirective reflector array on paper utilizing substrate integrated waveguide siw and inkjet printing.
Team designs twodimensional radar reflector to measure. However, the transmission rate is limited by the mechanical response of the mems. Theoretical analysis of the van atta array is outlined in section ii, with previous work on van atta array prototypes. Utilizing a van atta array reflector for transmission of a valid encrypted rf signal at 24ghz as a response to an inquiry signal transmitted by other. Chinese journal of geophysics 20002018 earth interactions.
Us3496570a us3496570da us3496570a us 3496570 a us3496570 a us 3496570a us 3496570d a us3496570d a us 3496570da us 3496570 a us3496570 a us 3496570a authority us united states prior art keywords array wave dielectric van atta incident prior art date 19670328 legal status the legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. The reflector contained four antenna sub arrays, each with six dual. Abstracta van atta retrodirective reflector was designed and developed, using an. Good agreement has been achieved between theoretical and measured results. Retrodirective reflectors were originally invented in the form of arrays, such as the van atta array, using symmetrical feeds with electrical length differences in harmonic ratios, and the more elaborate phaseconjugation array, using heterodyne mixing with lo frequency twice that of the incoming rf frequency. Planar multilayer passive retrodirective van atta array.
A method for the theoretical investigation of an arbitrary reflector array of the van atta type is described. In this section, a dual band retrodirective van atta array prototype for chipless rfid tag and sensor applications is propos ed using inkjet printing technology. Van atta patented an array variant of the corner reflector. A planar van atta array reflector with retrodirectivity in both eplane and hplane abstract. It has a capability to form a retrodirective transmission beam automatically toward a radio source, so it provides us with a large tolerance in its pointing direction toward a space sar.
A planar van atta array reflector with retrodirectivity in. A novel dualband retrodirective reflector array on paper. Swris van atta retroreflector merges van attas principles with radar interferometry, a satellitebased method of measuring ground movement with radar signals. The van atta array does not require active beam steering so additional components that consume power such as phase shifters and. The upgrade to digital radio technology in the mobile phone, indoor wireless network, and satellite broadcasting industries created new opportunities for smart antennas in the 1990s, culminating in the. A planar van atta array reflector with retrodirectivity in both e plane andh plane wenjen tseng, shyhjong chung, member, ieee, and kai chang, fellow, ieee abstract a planar antenna array reflector with retrodirectivity in both the plane and the plane is analyzed and demonstrated at band.
The growth of cellular telephone in the 1980s attracted interest in commercial applications. A van atta retroreflector can be considered an array that attains its power and phase gradient from a. A conductive ground layer is disposed adjacent the second side of the dielectric. The van atta array reflector has the simplest structure for retrodirective arrays, which has found many applications in wireless communications, rf identification.
Planar multilayer passive retrodirective van atta array reflectors. The van atta retro reflector can be envisioned as a selfphasing antenna array. Modulated corner reflector using frequency selective. To aid in detecting and tracking large metallic objects in a warehouse setting, the university of michigans jacquelyn a. Buerkle, and kamal sarabandi designed a planar van atta array that is retroreflective in. Us patent for inkjet printed flexible van atta array. First in this report, the student introduces basic background knowledge of wireless communication, antenna and antenna array, followed up with theoretical analysis to retrodirective array reflector named van atta array. The polarizationrotating characteristic is accommodated by the use of. Antenna array in which pairs of corner reflectors or other elements equidistant from the center of the array are connected together by a lowloss. The former provides the services of warning the driver of potential.
In a method of making a radiofrequency responsive device, a van atta array reflector is printed on a first side of a dielectric substrate. This letter demonstrates how to redirect the reradiated beam through passive alteration of this phase gradient. An xband planar reflector with a broad responding beam was developed using the van atta retrodirective antenna array. A van atta array, with a radar cross section rcs of 100 m. Development of a passive retrodirective van atta array. Satellite radar interferometry using microretroreflective arrays spie. Abstract the van atta array reflector has the simplest structure for retrodirective arrays, which has found many applications in wireless. Retrodirective topologies retrodirectivity is the behavior of the retrodirective system that. In this arrangement samples of the incoming wave front received by the antenna array elements to the right of the centre of the array are retransmitted from the mirror image element. Reflector arrays tove larsen 689 abstrracfa method for the theoretical investigation of an arbi trary reflector array of the van atta type is described. Retrodirective van atta array in this section, a dualband retrodirective van atta array prototype for chipless rfid tag and sensor applications is proposed using inkjet printing technology. Self phasing antenna array seminar report, ppt, pdf for. Each pair of antenna elements is represented by an equivalent circuit.
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